Kwipimisha umunaniro ni inzira y'ingenzi ikoreshwa mu kugerageza kuramba no kwihangana kw'ibikoresho munsi yo gucika intege cyangwa cyclic. Inzira ikubiyemo ikoreshwa ryimihangayiko yibikoresho byintangarugero inshuro nyinshi, kandi igisubizo cyacyo kuri iyo mihangayiko gisesengurwa. Imashini zigerageza umunaniro zagenewe cyane gukora ibi bizamini ku bwoko butandukanye bwibikoresho.
Muri iki kiganiro, tuzaganira kubintu bitandukanye byamashini yo gupima umunaniro. Tuzatangira dusobanura iyo imashini zigerageza umunaniro nuburyo bakora. Noneho, tuzasesengura ubwoko butandukanye bwimashini zipimisha umunaniro hamwe nibisabwa byihariye. Byongeye kandi, tuzaganira ku nyungu zo gukoresha imashini zipimisha umunaniro ndetse nuburyo zikoreshwa munganda zitandukanye. Hanyuma, tuzasoza ingingo hamwe nibibazo bimwe bifitanye isano nimashini zigerageza umunaniro.
Ni irihe mashini zo kwipimisha umunani?
Imashini zipimisha umunani, zizwi kandi nka sisitemu yo kugerageza umunaniro, ni ibikoresho bya mashini bikoreshwa mugushiramo cyclic cyangwa imizigo ya gyclic cyangwa inshuro nyinshi. Izi mashini zagenewe kwigana imiterere nyayo-isi irashobora guhura nazo, nko kunyeganyega, ukwezi kwamashurira, hamwe nubushake bwakani. Intego yumushinga wo kwipimisha umunani ni ukumenya umubare wizunguruka ibikoresho bishobora kwihanganira mbere yuko itananirwa.
Nigute imashini zipima umunaniro zikora?
Imashini zigerageza umunaniro zikora ukoresheje umutwaro wa cyclic kubikoresho byintangarugero, kandi upimisha igisubizo cyacyo kuriyi sazi. Umutwaro ukoreshwa binyuze muri Accuator ya mashini, yimura akagari k'umutwaro cyangwa hydraulic silinderi. Umutwaro urashobora gukoreshwa mu mpagarara, kwikuramo, cyangwa guhinduka, bitewe n'ubwoko bw'ikizamini bukorwa. Imashini irashobora kandi gusaba inshuro zitandukanye zo gupakira, kuva kumurongo wa bike kumwanya wa kabiri kugeza ku magare ibihumbi byinshi.
Ubwoko bw'imashini zipimisha umunaniro
Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwimashini zipimisha umunaniro, buri kimwe cyagenewe porogaramu yihariye. Ubwoko busanzwe bwa mashini yo kwipimisha ni:
Imashini zipimisha
Imashini zipimisha ya electromenical zikoresha moteri yamashanyarazi kugirango ushyire umutwaro mubikoresho byintangarugero. Umutwaro unyuze muri screw cyangwa umupira wumupira, no kwimurwa bipimwa ukoresheje kodegisi. Izi mashini zikunze gukoreshwa mugupima ibyuma, polymer, hamwe nibikoti.
Imashini zipimisha hydraulic
Imashini zipimisha hydraulic zikoresha ibikoresho bya hydraulic kugirango ushyire umutwaro kubikoresho byintangarugero. Umutwaro watangwa binyuze muri silinderi ya hydraulic, kandi kwimurwa bipimwa ukoresheje lvdt (umurongo uhinduka umunwa wa transducer). Izi mashini zikunze gukoreshwa mugupima ibikoresho binini kandi biremereye.
Imashini zipimisha
Imashini zipimisha pnematike zikoresha umwuka ufunzwe kugirango ushyire umutwaro kubikoresho byintangarugero. Umutwaro wanduzwa muri silinderi ya pneumatike, kandi kwimurwa bipimwa ukoresheje Lvdt. Izi mashini zikunze gukoreshwa mugupima reberi na elastomers.
Imashini zicuruza
Imashini zigerageza zikoresha imitwaro ya cyclic kurugero rwihariye, bitera icyitegererezo cyicyitegererezo. Imashini ipima igisubizo cyibikoresho kuri iyi mvugo ivumbuwe, ishobora gutanga amakuru kubyerekeye ubuzima bwumunaniro. Izi mashini zikunze gukoreshwa mugupima ibikoresho bya Aerospace.
Inyungu zo Gukoresha Imashini zipimisha umunani
Imashini zigerageza umunaniro zitanga inyungu nyinshi, harimo:
- Gupima neza ubuzima bwumunani
- Kwigana imiterere-yisi
- Isuzuma ryimpinduka zishushanyije
- Kumenyekanisha ibishobora gutsindwa
- Kugabanya igihe cyo guteza imbere ibicuruzwa
Gukoresha imashini zipimisha umunani mu nganda zitandukanye
Imashini zigerageza umunaniro zikoreshwa mu nganda nyinshi, harimo:
Aerospace
Imashini zigerageza umunaniro zikoreshwa mu nganda za Aerospace kubikoresho byo kugerageza bikoreshwa mu bice by'indege, nk'amababa, fuselage, n'ibikoresho byo kugwa.
Automotive
Imashini zigerageza umunaniro zikoreshwa mu nganda zimodoka kubikoresho byo kugerageza bikoreshwa mubice byimodoka, nka sisitemu yo guhagarika, ibice bya moteri, hamwe na paneki.
Kubaka
Imashini zipimisha umunani ni
Igihe cya nyuma: Gicurasi-05-2023